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The z196 microprocessor〔 is a chip made by IBM for their zEnterprise 196 mainframe computers, announced on July 22, 2010. The processor was developed over a three-year time span by IBM engineers from Poughkeepsie, New York; Austin, Texas; and Böblingen, Germany at a cost of US$1.5 billion. Manufactured at IBM's Fishkill, New York fabrication plant, the processor began shipping on September 10, 2010. IBM stated that it was the world's fastest microprocessor at the time. == Description == The chip measures 512.3 mm2 and consists of 1.4 billion transistors fabricated in IBM's 45 nm CMOS silicon on insulator fabrication process, supporting speeds of 5.2 GHz: at the time, the highest clock speed CPU ever produced for commercial sale. The processor implements the CISC z/Architecture with a new superscalar, out-of-order pipeline and 100 new instructions. The instruction pipeline has 15 to 17 stages; the instruction queue can hold 40 instructions; and up to 72 instructions can be "in flight". It has four cores, each with a private 64 KB L1 instruction cache, a private 128 KB L1 data cache and a private 1.5 MB L2 cache. In addition, there is a 24 MB shared L3 cache implemented in eDRAM and controlled by two on-chip L3 cache controllers. There's also an additional shared L1 cache used for compression and cryptography operations.〔 Each core has six RISC-like execution units, including two integer units, two load-store units, one binary floating point unit and one decimal floating point unit. The z196 chip can decode three instructions and execute five operations in a single clock cycle.〔 The z196 chip has on board DDR3 RAM memory controller supporting a RAID like configuration to recover from memory faults. The z196 also includes a GX bus controller for accessing host channel adapters and peripherals. Additionally, each chip includes co-processors for cryptographic and compression functionality.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「IBM z196」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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